Cov encoders muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom tswj cov lus tsa suab, thiab cov encoders teb yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov lus taw qhia, nrog rau cov khoom siv automation thiab cov txheej txheem tswj, neeg hlau, khoom siv kho mob, lub zog, aerospace, thiab lwm yam.
Raws li cov khoom siv uas hloov cov kev hloov kho tshuab rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, encoders muab cov engineers nrog cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim xws li txoj hauj lwm, ceev, nrug thiab kev taw qhia uas tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem.
Optical, magnetic, thiab capacitive yog peb lub ntsiab encoder technologies muaj rau engineers. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb lub tshuab twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv thaum kawg.
Kab lus no yuav muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm optical, magnetic thiab capacitive encoder technologies, thiab luv luv tham txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm txhua lub tshuab.
1. Optical encoder
Optical encoders tau yog ib qho kev xaiv nrov hauv kev tswj kev ua lag luam rau ntau xyoo. Nws muaj lub teeb ci LED (feem ntau yog lub teeb ci infrared) thiab photodetector, uas nyob rau ntawm ob sab ntawm cov ntawv cim encoder.
Lub code phaj yog ua los ntawm yas los yog iav, nrog ib tug series ntawm pob tshab thiab opaque kab los yog slots teem ib ntus. Thaum lub code disk rotates, LED optical txoj kev yog thaiv los ntawm cov kab los yog slots teem nyob rau hauv lub ncua sij hawm ntawm lub code disk, yog li tsim tau ob tug raug square wave A thiab B orthogonal pulses, uas yuav siv tau los txiav txim qhov kev sib hloov thiab ceev ntawm lub axis. .
Kev tsom xam ntawm optical, magnetic thiab capacitive encoders
Daim duab 1: Hom A thiab B orthogonal pulses rau optical encoders, suav nrog cov pulses index (Duab credit: CUI Devices)
Txawm hais tias optical encoders tau siv dav, lawv tseem muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig plua plav thiab qias neeg xws li kev siv hauv kev lag luam, cov kab mob tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ntawm cov lej phaj, yog li thaiv kev xa tawm ntawm LED teeb mus rau qhov muag pom.
Qhov kev ntseeg tau thiab qhov tseeb ntawm optical encoder cuam tshuam zoo heev vim tias cov kab mob tsis sib haum xeeb tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis ua tiav qhov poob ntawm square yoj.
LEDs muaj lub neej kev pab cuam tsawg thiab yuav kawg hlawv, ua rau encoder tsis ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov iav los yog yas code disks muaj kev puas tsuaj vim kev co los yog huab cua kub, yog li txwv qhov kev siv ntawm optical encoders nyob rau hauv hnyav ib puag ncig daim ntaub ntawv; Kev sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub cev muaj zog tsis yog siv sijhawm ntev xwb, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm kev kis kab mob.
Thaum kawg, yog tias qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm optical encoder siab, nws yuav haus ntau dua 100 mA ntawm tam sim no, ntxiv rau nws cov ntawv thov hauv cov khoom siv txawb lossis roj teeb.
2. Sib nqus encoder
Sib nqus encoders zoo ib yam li cov qauv rau optical encoders, tab sis siv cov magnetic teb es tsis yog lub teeb beam. Sib nqus encoders hloov slotted optical code disks nrog magnetic code disks nrog spaced sib nqus ncej uas tig rau ntawm kab ntawm Hall effect sensors lossis tsis kam sensors.
Txhua qhov kev sib hloov ntawm cov lej phaj yuav ua rau cov sensors teb, thiab cov teeb liab tshwm sim yuav raug xa mus rau lub teeb liab cua txias pem hauv ntej-kawg Circuit Court los txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm lub ncej.
Piv rau optical encoders, magnetic encoders muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua kom ruaj khov, tiv taus kev co thiab cuam tshuam. Ntxiv mus, kev ua tau zoo ntawm optical encoders yog heev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob xws li plua plav, av thiab roj stains, thaum sib nqus encoders tsis cuam tshuam, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau hnyav ib puag ncig daim ntaub ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov motors (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog stepper motors) yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau cov hlau nplaum encoder, thiab qhov kub thiab txias hloov yuav ua rau nws txoj hauj lwm drift.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev daws teeb meem thiab qhov tseeb ntawm magnetic encoders yog qhov tsawg thiab tsawg dua li optical thiab capacitive encoders hauv qhov kev hwm no.
3. Capacitive encoder
Lub capacitive encoder muaj peb qhov tseem ceeb: rotor, taag transmitter thiab taag receiver. Capacitive sensing siv ib tug strip los yog linear qauv nrog ib tug ncej ntawm ib tug taag caij thiab lwm tus ncej ntawm ib tug MOVING caij los tsim ib tug txawv txawv capacitor configured raws li ib tug khub ntawm receivers / transmitters.
Lub rotor yog etched nrog ib tug sine-yoj qauv uas tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb tab sis kwv yees teeb liab raws li lub cev muaj zog ncej rotates. Cov teeb liab no ces hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm lub encoder lub onboard ASIC los laij lub txoj hauj lwm thiab kev sib hloov kev taw qhia ntawm lub axis.
Kev tsom xam ntawm optical, magnetic thiab capacitive encoders
Daim duab 2: Sib piv ntawm cov encoder disks (Daim duab credit: CUI Devices)
4. Capacitive encoder
Lub Capacitive encoder ua haujlwm ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus raws li digital vernier caliper, yog li nws muab kev daws teeb meem uas kov yeej ntau qhov tsis zoo ntawm optical thiab magnetic encoders.
Lub peev xwm-raws li thev naus laus zis siv hauv CUI Devices 'kab ntawm AMT encoders tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj tseeb.
Txij li tsis muaj LED lossis kab pom yuav tsum tau, capacitive encoders tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau txawm tias ntsib cov kab mob ib puag ncig uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau optical encoders, xws li plua plav, av, thiab roj stains.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis tshua muaj kev vibration thiab tsis tshua muaj siab / qis dua li cov iav code disks siv hauv optical encoders.
Raws li tau hais ua ntej, capacitive encoders zoo li muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua li optical encoders vim leds tsis hlawv.
Yog li ntawd, lub capacitive encoder muaj lub pob me me thiab siv tsawg dua tam sim no ntawm tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm 6 txog 18 mA, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv roj teeb.
Txij li thaum lub robustness, raug thiab kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub capacitive technology yog siab dua li cov magnetic encoder, cov electromagnetic cuam tshuam thiab hluav taws xob lub suab nrov tom kawg tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xwm txheej digital ntawm capacitive encoders muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev yoog raws thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Vim tias qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm optical los yog magnetic encoder yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub phaj encoder, lub encoder tshiab yog siv txhua lub sij hawm lwm qhov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau ua, uas ua rau muaj kev nce hauv lub sij hawm thiab tus nqi ntawm kev tsim thiab kev tsim khoom.
Txawm li cas los xij, capacitative encoders muaj ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem, txuag cov neeg tsim qauv teeb meem ntawm kev hloov cov encoder txhua lub sij hawm xav tau kev daws teeb meem tshiab, uas tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov khoom muag, tab sis kuj ua rau PID tswj lub voj zoo-tuning thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub.
Capacitive encoders tso cai rau digital alignment thiab indexing ntawm pulse Settings thaum BLDC lub cev muaj zog pib koom nrog, ib txoj haujlwm uas tuaj yeem rov ua dua thiab siv sijhawm ntev rau optical encoders.
Built-in diagnostic muaj peev xwm muab cov neeg tsim qauv nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab ke kom zoo dua qhov system lossis teeb meem hauv thaj chaw.
Kev tsom xam ntawm optical, magnetic thiab capacitive encoders
Daim duab 3: Kev sib piv ntawm cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob, kho qhov muag, thiab sib nqus (Duab credit: CUI Devices)
5. Ntsuas koj cov kev xaiv
Hauv ntau daim ntawv thov kev tswj hwm, qhov kub thiab txias, kev co, thiab cov kab mob ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov encoders yuav tsum tau nrog. Nws hloov tawm tias capacitive encoders tuaj yeem kov yeej cov teeb meem no.
Piv nrog rau optical los yog magnetic technologies, nws muab designers nrog txhim khu kev qha, meej thiab saj zawg zog daws.
Ntxiv mus, capacitive encoders ntxiv programmability thiab kuaj mob, ib qho digital feature uas ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau niaj hnub Internet ntawm Yam (IoT) thiab Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).